Wireless Substitution: Early Release of Estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, January-June 2021

Using National Health Interview Survey data from the first six months of 2021, this Early Release report provides preliminary estimates of the percentages of adults and children living in homes with only wireless telephones.20212021-11-17T00:00:00Z1119

Wireless substitution : early release of estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, July-December 2020

Using National Health Interview Survey data from the second six months of 2020, this Early Release report provides preliminary estimates of the percentages of adults and children living in homes with only wireless telephones.20212021-09-01T00:00:00Z1207

Educational Game Tools to Improve the Language Development of Children Aged 5-6 Years

The lack of teacher creativity in using educational game tools has limited costs and a lack of teacher knowledge in early childhood education causes a learning medium. This research aims to determine educational game tools that can improve the language development of children aged 5-6 years. The research methodology used was library research. The research results show that educational game tools are not only able to improve language development but other developments are also stimulated, such as children's cognitive and social development. Data obtained from relevant previous research results through game tools, such as toy telephones (can telephones), word cards (flashcards), hand puppets, and posters, can improve the development of children aged 5-6. Therefore, this research makes it easier for readers to learn about educational game tools that can enhance language development in early childhood and can be used as a reference for PAUD educational institutions that need them

Wireless Substitution: Early Release of Estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, July-December 2021

Using National Health Interview Survey data from the second six months of 2021, this Early Release report provides preliminary estimates of the percentages of adults and children living in homes with only wireless telephones.20222022-05-17T00:00:00Z1207

Digital technologies in preschool age

The use of modern digital technologies is gaining relevance at all levels of education, including early education. Today children are surrounded by digital technologies, and therefore the digital "environment" is natural and much more understandable to them than it is to many of us. By the time they start kindergarten, children already have experience using a variety of digital technologies. Preschool children master computers and telephones faster and faster and it became their favorite work to do. The use of traditional resources in early education and the neglect of technology for learning and play may no longer meet the needs and interests of children today

Electromagnetic absorption in the human head and neck for mobile telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz

Journal ArticleWe have used the finite-difference time-domain method and a new millimeter-resolution anatomically based model of the human to study electromagnetic energy coupled to the head due to mobile telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz. Assuming reduced dimensions characteristic of today's mobile telephones, we have obtained SAR distributions for two different lengths of monopole antennas of lengths λ / 4 and 3λ/8 for a model of the adult male and reduced-scale models of 10- and 5-year-old children and find that peak one-voxel and 1-g SAR's are larger for the smaller models of children, particularly at 835 MHz. Also, a larger in-depth penetration of absorbed energy for these smaller models is obtained. We have also studied the effect of using the widely disparate tissue properties reported in the literature and of using homogeneous instead of the anatomically realistic heterogeneous models on the SAR distributions. Homogeneous models are shown to grossly overestimate both the peak 1-voxel and 1-g SAR's. Last, we show that it is possible to use truncated one-half or one-third models of the human head with negligible errors in the calculated SAR distributions. This simplification will allow considerable savings in computer memory and computation times

Technology to support young people 16 to 18 years of age who are not in employment, education or training (NEET): a local authority landscape review - final report

Becta landscape review: Technologies used by local authorities to support young people who are not in education, employment or trainin

Does infrastructure reform work for the poor? A case study from Guatemala

Following the 1996 Peace Accords, Guatemala embarked on a major program of infrastructure reform involving the restructuring and privatization of the electricity and telecommunications sectors and a substantial increase in infrastructure investments partially financed by privatization proceeds. As a result, the pace of new connections to electricity, water, and sanitation services increased by more than 40 percent. Moreover, households in traditionally excluded sectors-the poor, rural, and indigenous populations-were twice as likely to be the beneficiaries of a new infrastructure connection than they had been prior to the Peace Accords. The teledensity index increased by a factor of five from 4.2 in 1997 to 19.7 in 2001, largely because of the growth in cellular telephones, which now outnumber fixed lines. The number of public telephones in rural areas increased by 80 percent since the Peace Accords, so that 80 percent of rural households are now within six kilometers from a public telephone. Although real electricity tariffs increased by 60-80 percent following the reform, residential consumers have been shielded by a"social tariff"policy that has kept charges at pre-reform levels. This policy, which costs US$50 million a year, does little to benefit poor households. The reason is that 60 percent of poor households are not connected to the electricity network, and those that are consume modest amounts of electricity and hence capture only 10 percent of the total value of the subsidy. In contrast, poor households without access to electricity pay about US$11 a kilowatt-hour (or 80 times the electricity tariff) to light their homes with candles and wick lamps. The resources used to finance the"social tariff"would therefore be better used in further accelerating the pace of new connections for currently underserved households.Health Economics&Finance,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Sanitation and Sewerage,Decentralization,ICT Policy and Strategies,Sanitation and Sewerage,TF030632-DANISH CTF - FY05 (DAC PART COUNTRIES GNP PER CAPITA BELOW USD 2,500/AL,ICT Policy and Strategies,Town Water Supply and Sanitation,Public Sector Economics&Finance

A Question of Empowerment: Information Technology and Civic Engagement in New Haven, Connecticut

Extravagant claims have been made for the capacity of IT (information technology) to empower citizens and to enhance the capacity of civic organizations. This study of IT use by organizations and agencies in New Haven, Connecticut, 1998-2004, tests these claims, finding that the use of IT by nonprofits is selective, tending to serve agencies patronized by community elites rather than populations in need. In addition, the study finds that single interest groups are far more effective in using IT than more diverse civic and neighborhood groups.This publication is Hauser Center Working Paper No. 30. The Hauser Center Working Paper Series was launched during the summer of 2000. The Series enables the Hauser Center to share with a broad audience important works-in-progress written by Hauser Center scholars and researchers